Afghanistan reconsidered - The days of rage and NATO
Ten years ago, a broad coalition of NATO partners responded to the terror attacks on 9/11, after which NATO had declared the casus foederis, demanding all allies to take any action deeming necessary to prevent any further attack of that kind. Al-Quaida, supported by the Taliban-regime in Afghanistan, was the target. Together with the Afghan "Northern Alliance", NATO forces destroyed Al-Quaida hideouts and drove the Taliban out of Afghanistan. Although the military operation was a success and the Taliban could be removed from power, as well as the US-led coalition destroyed Al-Quiada's infrastructure and killed many of its leaders, most important Osama bin Ladin only last year, until now Afghanistan remains fragile. The Karzai government was flawed ever since taking office, starting with small power, mostly rooted in foreign support, rigged by corruption scandals and alleged fraud in the elections.
Recently, Karzai again caused troubling headlines by meeting with Iranian and Pakistani presidents Mahmoud Ahmedinejad and Asif Zardari in New Delhi and thereby increasing the differences between the West and the Afghan government. Previosly negotiations took place with the Taliban, who are now - ten years after their defeat - stronger then ever and are again reaching out for power. Obviously, the imminent withdrawal of NATO makes things easy for them. Once NATO is gone, there is little doubt that Afghanistan will become another member in the ranks of failing states.
Barack Obama came into office with the promise of resolving the conflict in Afghanistan and paving the way for a withdrawal of all US forces. While the withdrawal remains certain, the conflict is far from resolved.
Compared to other interventions with successful outcomes, e.g. in former Yugoslavia, the efforts undertaken to rebuild the country were far higher. Additionally, on the Balkans Europe insisted on coming to terms with the past, the UN International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia provided juristical support to bring justice for the unspeakable atrocities that had been committed during the civil war. In Afghanistan however, although the Taliban regime was no less violent, their rule no less inhuman, the past hasn't been investigated properly until today, not even speaking of a juristical account.
Serious efforts to combat terrorism and insurgents, that have never been fully under control, were compromised by unsuited equipment, restrictive rules of engagement and insufficient personnel. Especially in Europe, the Afghanistan intervention had never been popular and polical decision-makers always had to balance between military necessities and political demands at home. This can be illustrated by the absurd debate over the use of the term "war" in Germany, triggered by former minister of defense, Karl-Theodor Guttenberg. Althoug the avoidance of the term "war" has legal reasons, the public debate made clear how large the aversion among the public was against military operations exceeding the construction of wells and schools, turning a blind eye on reality.
Today, the situation in Afghanistan is uncertain, it is likely that the Taliban will return to power at least partly after NATO will have withdrawn. However, as public support for the operation is low and all involved states face severe domestic challenges, there is little probability that the situation will improve. This leads to the question, if the West should continue its efforts in Afghanistan or - as demanded by some politicians - to speed up the withdrawal. The consequences are quite clear, yet they seem unavoidable, just the time frame could be influenced.
Since a couple of days, Afghanistan sees violent protests against the United States and their allies, officially as a result of the burning of Qurans, that were no longer usable. It has to be emphazised, there was no political intention to this burning, it was a simple disposal of old books. Of course, this violates muslim tradition and is a regrettable case of a lack of cultural sensibility by those who gave the books to burning. But it was an accident. Even if it weren't - almost 20 people had to die in the violent protests by enraged mobs all over the country.
I can't recall any such protests being caused by the destruction of girl-schools, terror attacks against civilians or electoral fraud. 20 people are dead, and US-President Barack Obama apologizes. It shouldn't be Obama to apologize. Yes, it was a mistake not to respect the cultural requirements to dispose old Qurans. But it is hard to imagine a greater hypocrisy than violent, deadly demonstrations over a few books, while one remains silent when civilians are slaughtererd, policemen murdered, soldiers ambushed and killed, the country mined with road-side bombs, schools destroyed, homosexuals persecuted, women beaten for not wearing a full body veil. Thousands of NATO soldiers gave their lives to fight terrorism and while helping to rebuild a country that had to suffer under war and oppression for more than 20 years.
The strategy of surgical military strikes and help to rebuild, to establish democracy, has failed. Although the reasons for the failure are manifold and many mistakes were made by western politicians, that doesn't change the result. As long as noone is willing to undertake renewed efforts to combat the Taliban, there is no reason to stay any longer in that hostile region, risking the lives of NATO soldiers. Nevertheless, an adaption in western foreign policy is necessary in face of the nuclear threat by Iran and various terror organizations. The Taliban must be told, that any attempt to attack the US or any other country again will not be answered by endless talking and drone strikes - it is time to return to the lessons learned during the Cold War. Sometimes, la force de frappe can help to prevent escalation more, than good intended but misplaced philantrophy. Neither the US, nor Europe are obliged to build other countries - they are obliged to protect their citizens from harm. Franklin D. Roosevelt knew that, Churchill knew that. And acted respectively - Germany was the enemy then, an enemy that had to be destroyed at all costs. Today we face a similar threat. Although the military capability is no match for us, the ideology is as murderous as Nationalsocialism. If they want to die in the name of Djihad, send in the Air Force and don't risk the lives of our soldiers for nothing.